멈추지않아

Snacks

Korea is considered paradise when it comes to food. It has it all: Korean, Western, Chinese, and of course such fast food restaurants like McDonald's and Burger King as well as foreign restaurant chains Bennigan's and Outback Steak House. Among these choices the most reasonably priced food can found at street vendors. Korea is unique in that not only does it have street carts to buy food from, but at night the streets are transformed with small tents that pop-up selling reasonable priced food and alcohol. At street carts, you can choose to eat standing beside the cart or have your food wrapped-up to bring home. Most Korean people consider the food sold here as a snack and is not usually eaten as the main meal. Many street vendors can be found near Sinchon, E-dae, Hongdae, and near many other university areas as well as in the popular shopping districts of Apgujeong, Jongno, Myeong-dong, and Gangnam Station. Seasons also have unique specialties; bingsu is a refreshing iced treat in the summer whereas warm soup, gimbap, hotteok and bungeo-ppang are enjoyed in the fall and winter.

Seoul

 

 

Seoul itself does not produce many kinds of food resources. However, various cooking ingredients were available to get in Seoul since it had been the capital of the nation and the center of commerce.

In fact, Seoul cuisine is renowned for its elegance and variety. Seoul, Gaeseong, and Jeonju are the three top cities in Korea known for their exquisite cuisine. Being the capital of the country for over 500 years since the early Joseon dynasty, the cooking style of the dynasty still remains on cusines of Seoul.

In general, Seoul foods are seasoned moderately.Therefore, they are not too salty or spicy. Many of the royals and the nobility lived here during the Joseon dynasty, and the tradition of the noble class is persistent in Seoul cuisine. Compared to those of other regions, Seoul foods tend to be fancier and their presentation shows more formality.

Seasonings were used as finely diced. Foods from the northern provinces are large in quantity and simple in display. As compared with that foods from Seoul consider their polish style than quantity in large. The court cuisine was spread to noble households, and Seoul foods still show the traces of the court cuisine. For example, banga, the noble class, has its own cooking style as a part of Seoul cusine.

Pansori (Korean Opera) 'Pansori', often referred to as Korean Opera, is a type of traditional Korean music which tells a themed story in the form of music theater, with two musicians sharing the spotlight- a singer ('sorikkun') and a drummer ('gosu'). The singer plays the central role through his singing, words, and body language while the drummer plays an accompanying role by providing the rhythm and shouting words of encouragement to add to the passion of the performance. With a distinct, inimitable sound, rhythm, and singing technique, Pansori is truly representative of Korea's unique cultural landscape.

Pansori first emerged during the mid Joseon era (1392-1910), when common culture began to evolve. The scribes of Pansori and the year of their origins are hard to pinpoint- it began as an oral tradition that was continued by professional entertainers. During the Joseon era, entertainers were regarded as lowly peasants, which explains why Pansori remained mostly in commoners' circles. But towards the end of the Joseon era, aristocrats took notice- and the audience for Pansori operas increased. Originally a collection of 12 operas, there are now regrettably only 5 that come down to us today- Chunhyangga, Simcheongga, Heungbuga, Jeokbyeokga, and Sugungga. A Pansori performance is lengthy, some even taking from 4 to 5 hours to complete. In 2003, Pansori was officially recognized by UNESCO as a important piece of world culture.

Pansori's 5 'Madang'

(* The 5 Pansori operas are called 'madang', a word which literally means courtyard but carries strong ties to traditional and folk games. In short, Pansori was considered a form of traditional play. The suffix of 'ga' at the end of each 'madang' name means 'song'.) Chunhyangga: The old novel 'Chunhyangjeon' in opera form. The love story of Sung Chunhyang, the daughter of a courtesan, and Lee Mongyong, the son of an aristocrat. Of the 5 Pansori 'madang', it is valued the greatest in terms of musical and literary achievement. Famed portions of the opera include 'Sarangga' (love song), 'Ibyeolga' (farewell song), and 'Okjungga' (prison cell song). Simcheongga: The old story of 'Simcheongjeon' in opera form. Simcheong, the daughter of a blind man who sought to regain her father's vision by offering rice at a temple, she sold herself to a boatman as a sacrifice to the ocean in exchange for the rice. The Dragon King of the sea, however, was touched by her love and rescued her, reuniting her with her beloved father. A child's love for the parent is the central theme of this story. Heungbuga : The old story of 'Heungbujeon' in opera form. There are two brothers, Nolbu and Heungbu. Nolbu is older and wealthy, with a wicked heart. The younger brother, Heungbu, is poor but is a kind soul. When Heungbu comes into fortune by helping a swallow with a broken leg, the envious Nolbu purposely breaks the leg of a swallow and fixes it before setting it free in the hopes that he will be likewise awarded. The simple moral kernel of the tale is that goodness is awarded and wickedness punished. Jeokbyeokga: A portion of the Chinese tale 'Samgukjiyeon' transferred into opera form. Famous songs include the 'Samgochoryeo' and 'Jeokbyeokgang River Battle'. Sugungga: The old story 'Tokkijeon' in opera form. When the underwater Dragon King falls ill, he sends a sea turtle to land in order to find the liver of a hare to use as medicine. The opera contains much humorous banter between the characters.

Bulguksa, the Temple of the Land Buddha, sits mid-slope on Mt. Tohamsan. Its construction was completed under the supervision of Prime Minister Kim Dae-seong in the 10th year of King Gyeongdeok's reign of the Silla Kingdom (751). The temple manifests both terrestrial and celestial abodes: the mundane world as represented by Shakyamuni Buddha's Lotus Sutra; the paradise governed by the Amitabha Buddha as described in the Book of the Constant Life, and the other paradise, the Land of Perfect Bliss of the Vairocana, the Resplendent Buddha, as described in the Avatamska Sutra. Buddha, as described in the Avatamska Sutra. The cloistered compound is largely divided into two courts: one, centering on Daeungjeon, the Hall of Shakyamuni, contains Cheongungyo, the Blue Cloud Bridge, Baegungyo, the White Cloud Bridge, Jahamun, the Gate of Purple Mist, Beomyeongnu, the Pavilion of Mount Meru, Jwagyeongnu, the Left Sutra Hall, Dabotap, the Pagoda of Abundant Treasures, Seokgatap, the Pagoda of Shakyamuni, and Museoljeon, the Hall of Discourse; the other, centering on Geungnakjeon, the Hall of Paradise, contains Chilbogyo, the Seven Treasure Bridge, Yeonhwagyo, the Lotus Flower Bridge, and Anyangmun, the Gate to Nirvana. Seokgatap and Dabotap are the most eye-catching of these architectural masterpieces. Dedicated to the Shakyamuni Buddha and the Prabhutaratna (the Buddha of Abundant Treasures), these two pagodas represent these Buddhas as residing in the temple, well exemplifying the Silla people's desire to embody Buddhist ideals in the mundane world. Tucked away on the eastern slope of the peak of Mt. Tohamsan is Seokguram Buddhist Grotto, a hermitage of Bulguksa, also known to have been built by Kim Dae-seong. This granite sanctuary sums up the religious enthusiasm, architectural technology, and immaculate workmanship of the Silla people, making it a rare landmark of world religious art. Seokguram consists of an antechamber which holds reliefs of eight guardian deities and two Vajrapanis; a short corridor carved with four heavenly kings; and the main rotunda which enshrines in its center the seated main Buddha, Shakyamuni Tathagata (the Incarnation of Truth). Along the lower part of the circular wall are reliefs of an 11-faced Avalokitesvara, ten disciples, Manjusri, Sakradevanam Indra, Mahabrahmandah, and Samantabhadra. Above these at about eye-level are ten niches, each enshrining a bodhisattva. The main Buddha under the vault of the rotunda wears a smile of serene benevolence which has been appreciated as the zenith of what man can achieve through stone sculpture. It is as if the Buddha is about to preach to us at any moment, to enlighten the good human nature innate within us. For its sheer culmination of Buddhist beliefs, aesthetics, and advanced engineering, Seokguram was registered on UNESCO's World Cultural Heritage List, together with Bulguksa Temple, in December of 1995.

King Sejong, the 4th king of the Joseon Dynasty, concerned that the majority of the common people could not learn the written Chinese then in use in Korea because of its structural difference from Korean, created the Korean alphabet, which he called Hunmin Jeongeum, (Proper Sounds to Instruct the People). The task was completed in the 25th year of his reign, 1443. Three years later, at the king's command, the alphabet was promulgated by the Jiphyeonjeon, or "Hall of the Worthy ", in a 33-page book in Chinese, Hunmin Jeongeum Haeryebon, The Explanatory Edition of the Proper Sounds to Instruct the People

This work consists of two parts. The first part, written by King Sejong himself, contains a preface setting at his purpose in creating the new alphabet followed by the main text, which explains each of the 28 letters, with examples of consonant-vowel combinations. The second part, written by Jeong In-ji and seven other scholars of Jiphyeonjeon, consists of six chapters: 'An Explanation of the Design of the Letters,' which expounds the phonetic and philosophical principles by which the new letters were made, 'An Explanation of the Initials,' which presents the 17 consonants which appear in syllable-initial position, 'An Explanation of the Medials,' which presents the 11 vowels, 'An Explanation of the Finals,' which presents the consonants appearing in syllable-final position, 'An Explanation of the Combining of the Letters,' which demonstrates how the initials, medials, and finals are assembled to form syllables, and 'Examples of the Use of the Letters,' which shows words written with the new letters. These are followed by a postface by Jeong In-ji.

Hangeul, as this alphabet has come to be known, is unique among the world's writing systems in having been created at a specifiable time by identifiable people, without any direct influence from already existing writing systems, to become a national written language. Moreover, no other writing system has ever been promulgated in an explanatory volume. Hangeul originally had 28 letters, but four letters have dropped out of use, leaving 24 letters, 14 consonants and 10 vowels. Hunmin Jeongeum was designated as National Treasure No. 70 to ensure its preservation and was registered in UNESCO's Memory of the World in October 1997.

 1. Be most likely to ~ 할 확률이 매우 높다.

    She is most likely to pass the driving test.
   (그녀는 운전 시험에 합격할 확률이 대단히 높다.)

 2. No matter how long it takes, S+V 아무리 오래 걸리더라도 ~ 하다.

    No matter how long it takes, I will complete my task.
   (아무리 오래 걸리더라도 나는 내 임무를 완수할 것이다.)

 3. It keeps –ing 계속 ~ 하다.

    It keeps changing.
   (계속 변하고 있다.)

 4. It turned out to be ~ 결국 ~임이 드러났다.

    It turned out to be a great success.
   (결국 커다란 성공임이 드러났다.)

 5. It’s open to question that~ ~는 의문의 여지가 있다.

    It’s open to question that the central bank raised the interest rate last month.

   (중앙은행이 지난 달 금리를 인상한 것은 의문의 여지가 있다.)

 6. Special care should be taken in –ing ~하는데 각별한 주의가 요구된다.

    Special care should be taken in interpreting economic statistics.
   (경제 통계들을 해석할 때는 각별한 주의가 요구된다.)

 7. It seems like only yesterday that 마치 어제 일처럼 여겨진다.

    It seems like only yesterday that we were married.
   (내게는 결혼한 것이 마치 어제 일처럼 여겨진다.)

 8. All we have to do is 우리가 오직 해야 할 일은 ~ 이다.

    All we have to do is go and wait for the result.
   (오직 우리가 할 일은 가서 결과를 기다리는 것뿐이다.)

 9. All that matters is that 오로지 중요한 것은 ~ 이다.

   All that matters now is that the new government implements the necessary

   reforms without delay.

   (지금 오로지 중요한 것은 새 정부가 지체 없이 필요한 개혁을 실천하는 것이다.)

 10. It is worth pointing out that ~하다는 것은 아주 올바른 지적이다.

    It is worth pointing out that pollution has put fish at risk.
    (오염으로 인해 물고기들이 위험에 처해있다는 사실은 지적할만한 가치가 있다.)

21. help sby+v

            +with+N

...가 ~하는 것을 돕다

● help you work

● help her sleep

cf) Can you help me with my homework?

22. I've got to+v

난 ...해야만 한다

● I've got to go.

● I've got to sleep now.

● I've got to study.

cf) You've got to be careful what you say.

23. You seem to+v

..하는 것처럼 보인다

cf) You look like~

● You seem to be tired.

● You seem to be feeling nervous.

● You seem to need more time.

cf) You seem tired.

※ There seems to be+N

...가 있는 것 같다

․Waiter, there seems to be a hair in my soup.

․ There seems to be a problem with your taxes.

※ Nobody seems to+v

아무도...하지 않는 것 같다

․ Nobody seems to mind that I am always coming in late.

․ Nobody seems to appreciate the work I do in this office.

24. Would you like to+v?

...하시겠습니까?, ...하고 싶습니까?

● Would you like to go swimming?

● Would you like to join me for dinner?

● Would you like to take a walk?

cf) Yes, I'd like to./ Thanks./ No, thanks anyway.

※ Do you want to+v?

...하고 싶어? ...할래?

․ Do you want to come with me to the movie?

․ Do you want to eat at my house with my family?

25. How would you like+N?

...은 어떻게 해드릴까요?, ...은 어떠세요?

● How would you like your steak?

   Rare./ Medium./ Well-done .

● How would you like a new fur coat?

26. Keep (on)+~ing

계속해서 ...하다

cf) keep sby from+~ing

...가 ~를 하지 못하게 하다

● keep smiling

● keep going

● keep on trying

cf) Keep going until you get to the crossroads.

27. head out to[for, toward]

...로 떠나다

cf) out: 바깥으로

● head out to the office

● head out to Hawaii

28. Please don't forget to+v

(잊지 말고) 꼭 ...하세요

cf) Make sure to~/ Remember to~

● Please don't forget to remember me.

● Please don't forget to smile.

● Please don't forget to call me.

29. I've heard (from sby/ on TV) that~

~라고 들었다

(내가 듣기로는 ~라던데요)

○ I've heard that we are getting two weeks of vacation next month.

30. be getting worse

점점 더 악화되고 있다

● be getting better

● be getting worse at English

● be getting darker

 

31. I need you to+v

네가 ...해 줬으면 한다, 꼭 좀 ...해 달라

● I need you to call before coming.

● I need you to tell me about it.

● I need you to give me a hand.

※ I need to+v

난 ...해야 한다

․ I need to lose some weight.

․ I need to make some changes to save my marriage.

32. I will take care of

...은 내가 처리할게요

● I will take care of it.

● I will take care of the baby.

● I will take care of this disagreement.

33. be happy with[about]

...에 만족하다

● be happy with one's new job

● be happy with the dish

● We're happy with  our teacher.

34. I'm glad[pleased] that~

                                    to+v

~해서 기뻐요

● I'm glad that the rain stopped.

● I'm glad that he's so passionate.

● I'm glad that you agree with me.

35. It's a shame to+v

...하다니 안타까운 일이에요(책망, 안타까움)

● It's a shame to lose the game.

● It's a shame to watch you leave.

36. It's (high) time that~

                                to+v

~할 때가 되었어요

(뭔가를 하고 있어야 할 시간인데 아직 안하고 있다)

● It's high time you got a job.

● It's time you sold the stocks.

● It's time to say good-bye.

37. Even though~

비록 ~이지만, ~라고 하더라도

● Even though he loves me

● Even though you feel so bad

● Even though the  weather is terrible

cf) Even though I'm tired, I want to stay up late.

※ Even if it's raining, I have to go there.

(비가 올지 안 올지 모르겠다. 하지만 혹시 온다고 하더라도,)

  Even though it's raining, I have to go there.

(밖을 보니 비가 오는구나. 하지만 그래도,)

38. The point is that~

중요한 점은 ~예요

● The point is that you lied.

● The point is that I did my best.

● The point is that we won.

cf) The point is, she wants to leave me.

39. I've decided to+v

                           that s+v

...하기로 결정했어요.

● I've decided to marry her.

● I've decided to quit this job.

● I've decided to stay here.

40. You'd better+v

...하도록 해(경고, 협박)

(하는 게 좋을 거야. 안 그러면 재미없어)

● You'd better be more polite.

● You'd better not do that again.

● You'd better go with him.

※ You better+v

...하도록 해

․ You better give me five hundred dollars for the part.

․ You better wait and go back when he isn't angry.

※ had better not+v

...하지 말아야 돼

․You'd better not tell me to do this again.

․ We'd better not forget to call our parents tonight.

41. be scheduled to+v

...하기로 (계획, 예정) 되어 있다

● I'm scheduled to be here at 8:00.

● We're scheduled to leave at 6:30.

42. take A to B

A를 B로 데리고[가지고] 가다

● take the memo to Mr. Jones

● take the children to the zoo

● Take this report to the committee.

43. I would like[love] to+v

난 ...하고 싶어요

● I would like to watch the movie.

● I would like to go to Hawaii.

● I would like to have some pizza.

cf) I would like you to help me.

※ I want to do sth

난 ...하고 싶어

․ I want to do more with my life than process applications.

․ I want to do the best I can at this job.

44. get sth for sby/ get sby sth

...에게 ~을 (사)주다

● get the newspaper for your dad

● get flowers for my boyfriend

● get him a card

cf) Can I get you something?

    What can I get you?

45. We apologize (to sby) for

저희가 ...에 대해 사과를 드립니다

● We apologize for our mistakes.

● We apologize for being delayed.

● We apologize for any inconvenience.

 

 

1. It sounds like s+v[N]

   It sounds A

...인 것 같다

● It sounds like she's falling in love.

● (It) sounds good.

2. It looks like s+v

...처럼 보이다, ...인 것 같다

● It's looks like it's raining out.

● It looks like he's feeling happy.

cf) He looks like his brother.

3. Let me ~[I will ~]

내가 ~할게

● Let me go.

● Let me check it.

● Let me think about that.

4. one of the+최상급+복수명사

가장 ...한 것 중 하나

● one of the most beautiful girls

● one of the most interesting movies

5. I am talking about sth

...을 말하고 있는 거라구

(지금 난 ...라는 얘기를 하고 있는 거야)

● I'm talking about your behavior.

● I'm talking about getting married.

● I'm talking about taking a vacation.

6. never ~ without ...

            but s+v

...하면 반드시 ~한다

...가 반드시 있어야 ~한다

(...할 때마다 항상 ~하다)

● She never speaks without smiling.

● I can never live without you.

cf) It never rains but it pours.

7. can't stop+~ing

계속 ...할 수밖에 없다

cf) can't help+~ing ...하지 않을 수 없다

● I can't stop loving you.

●can't stop crying(laughing, complaining)

● I can't stop dreaming of you.

8. make sense (to+sby)

이해되다, 이치에 맞다

● It doesn't make any sense.

● I can't make sense of it.

    (난 그 말을 알아 들을 수가 없다)

9. mean to+v

...할 생각이다

(...할 예정이다, ...할 의도이다)

(과거: 원래 내 의도는 ...하려던 거였어)

● I mean to go now.

● He means to say that.

cf) Sorry, but I didn't mean to hurt your feeling.

10. It occurred to me that~

나에게 ~라는 생각이 갑자기 떠올랐다

● It occurred to me that julie loves Jack.

● It occurred to me that it might rain.

cf) A good idea occurred to me.

 

11. such a+형용사+N

아주...한~

● such a nice boy

● such a wonderful scenery

● such a tired woman

12. be not good at

...을 잘 못하다, ...에 서투르다

cf) be bad[poor] at, be terrible about

● be not good at English[computer]

● be not good at telling lies

cf) I am not good at numbers.

13. I'll check if~

~인지 알아 볼게요

cf) Let me check if~, Let me see if~

● I'll check if it's OK.

● I'll check if he's available now.

● I'll check if she's in the office.

14. on the[one's] way (to+N)

(...로) 가는 길에, 도중에

● on the way to school

● on the way to my new house

● on the way to her honeymoon

cf) on the way home[here, there]

    on the way home from school

15. I don't feeling like+~ing

난 ...하고 싶지 않다

cf) I don't want to+v

● I don't feel like drinking.

● I don't feel like dancing.

● I don't feel like sleeping.

16. have time to+v

...할 시간이 있다

(...할 시간적 여유가 있다)

● have time to grab a coffee

● have time to eat out

● have time to give him a hand

17. It seems (to me) that~

~하는 것 같이 생각된다, ~인 것 같다

cf) It appears that~

○ It seems that you have to go back.

18. I'm planning to

                on+(동)명사

...할 계획[생각]이다

● I'm planning to quit.

● I'm planning to meet him.

● I'm planning to go abroad.

19. I guess (that)~

(아마) ~할 것이다

○ I guess that guy stole the money from the vault.

20. I'll have to call (sby) and tell sby to+v

...에게 전화해서 ~하라고 해야겠다

○ I'll have to call my sister and tell her to clean up the house before I get home.